What Is Genetic Engineering - 954 Words

What is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering is the modification of an organisms genetic composition by artificial mans, it often involves the transferring a specific traits- genes from one organism to the other- this could be a plant or an animal. It is the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genes- the genetic material. What is genetic engineering used for? It is used to change the genetic makeup of cells which spontaneously includes the transfer of genes within and across species. Genetic engineering is also used to mass produce insulin, human growth hormones, follistim (which is used for treating infertility), human albumin, monoclonal antibodies, antihemophillic factors, vaccines and many other drugs. Genetic engineering: †¢ Produces an unique set of genes †¢ Genes can be swapped/ exchanged across species Genetic engineering, sometimes also referred as genetic modification, it is the process of altering the DNA in an organism’s genome. This may mean changing one base pair (A-T or C-G), deleting a whole region of DNA, or introducing an additional copy of a gene. It may also mean extracting DNA from another organism’s genome and combining it with the DNA of that individual. Genetic engineering is used by scientists to enhance or modify the characteristics of an individual organism. Genetic engineering can be applied to any organism, from a virus to a sheep.Show MoreRelatedWhat Are Genetic Engineering?1634 Words   |  7 Pagesstrategies include endowment of nutrient supplements, enrichment of processed foods to contain more nutrient content, and enhancement of staple crops with increases essential nutrient contents, known as biofortification (Zhu et al., 2007). Genetic engineering (GE) has proven to be the consistent approach for biofortification due to the limitless diversity available within the specific gene pools of the staple foods and can, therefore, be implemented directly to cultivars without the complex breedingRead MoreWhat Is Genetic Engineering?1808 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is Genetic Engineering? â€Å"It is the group of applied techniques of genetics and biotechnology used to cut up and join together genetic material and especially DNA from one or more species of organism and to introduce the result in an organism in order to change one or more of its characteristics[.]† (Webster, 2015) The persons who discovered the structure of the DNA began with James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. (DNAi, 2003) Since the discovery of the double helix strand many scientists beganRead MoreWhat Is Human Genetic Engineering?1193 Words   |  5 PagesHuman genetic engineering is currently a hot topic of discussion in the scientific world. What is human genetic engineering? According to the National Human Genome Research Institute, â€Å"Genetic engineering is the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic makeup of an organism. Traditionally, humans have manipulated genomes indirectly by controlling breeding and selecting offspring with desired traits. Genetic engineering involves the direct manipulation of one or moreRead MoreGenetic Engineering Of Food Is Good For The Welfare Of Humanity1135 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic engineering of food is one of the most controversial issues facing the universe today. Genetic engineering or modification of food is the artificial modification of the genetic constituents of plants and animals that produce food (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2015b). Genetic engineering per se is often conducted in the laboratory through a number of technologies whose primary role is to incorporate the desired qualities into the genetically engineered food cr ops and animals. Even thoughRead MoreThe Importance Of Genetic Engineering1282 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic engineering is defined as the modification of the characteristics of an organism by altering its genetic material. Although the definition makes it seems clear and concise, it is far more complicated. This new advancement has caused a huge debate over the ethics and laws of what it is able to do. Genetic engineering is immensely important because of the potential benefits it contains and the advances it allows for in the future. The ultimate goal of genetic engineering is to prevent, treatRead MoreGenetic Engineering : Medical Perfection Or Playing God1280 Words   |  6 PagesThesis Statement â€Å"Genetic engineering differs from cloning in key ways. Whereas cloning produces genetically exact copies of organisms, genetic engineering refers to processes in which scientists manipulate genes to create purposefully different versions of organisms—and, in some cases, entirely new living things†, duplication of genetic cells is known as human cloning. Development of genetic engineering biotechnologies undermines the natural autonomy of life. Does genetic engineering interfere withRead MoreGenetic Engineering And The Human Existence1193 Words   |  5 Pages Why is genetic engineering crucial to the human existence? Initially, genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the process of manually adding new unique DNA into an organism. The objective is to add one or numerous new traits that are not already constructed in that particular organism. New DNA inserts in the host genome and immediately isolates and replicates the gene of interest by using molecular cloning methods to synthesize a DNA sequence; then inserting this construct intoRead MoreGenetic Engineering and a Brave New World1694 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic Engineering is one of the current hot button topics of our world today and its also the fundamental theme in widely know novels such as Brave New World and My Sister’s Keeper. But what exactly is Genetic Engineering? What exactly does Genetic Engineering entail? Genetic Engineering in its self is a mammoth and board field, yet not many people actually know or even understand the diversity that Genetic Engineering entails. When most people perceive the slightest sound of the word GeneticRead MoreGenetic Engineering Research Paper1584 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic engineering Explain how this technology works. Genetic engineering otherwise called genetic modification and can basically be described as the ‘direct manipulation of an organism’s genome’ which is the complete set of genetic material of an animal, plant or other living thing. This direct manipulation works by using modern DNA technology. This ‘involves the introduction of foreign DNA also known as synthetic genes into the organism of interest’ or curiousity. Genetic engineering does notRead MoreThe Controversy Of Genetic Engineering1369 Words   |  6 Pages Genetic Engineering, for most individuals not knowledgeable on the topic, conjures visions of sci-fi movies and humans being grown in a lab far off in the future. What more and more individuals in the early 21st century are coming to realize is that Genetic Engineering has already exceeded our wildest imaginations in a dark corner of a lab, outside of the view of the main stream public. Indeed, in 2017, genetic engineering is in full swing on both plant and animal life. Only from hearing

A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare - 1029 Words

Being that A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a Shakespearian comedy where passion is a significant theme. It is perceived in a variety of ways such as passion for revenge, recognition, and for love, which have the potential to blur the lines between the levels of social hierarchy. Shakespeare uses a variety of characters such as Helena, Nick Bottom, and Oberon to express the theme of passion and its significance in the play. Helena represents the passion for love in this text, as she runs after Demetrius into a forest seeking love between them, even after Demetrius has told her to stay away. This passion for love is significant to the play, because this play is displaying how love triumphs the social hierarchy, even though magic is a deciding†¦show more content†¦And I do not doubt but to hear them say, it is a sweet comedy. No more words. Away! Go, away† (IV.ii.38-41)! The theater is certainly magic, as its a place where anyone, even fools like Bottom, can traverse and accomplish in all the other areas of the world. Oberon possesses a passion for revenge. His hunger for retribution causes him to inflict a love potion on his wife, Titania. â€Å"Thou shalt not from this grove till I torment thee for this injury† (II.i.146-147). Not to make Titania fall in love with him, instead to make her fall in love with an animal to humiliate her and ruin her reputation as queen of all fairies. â€Å"When thou wakest, it is thy dear. Wake when some vile thing is near† (II.ii.33-34). This passion is the result of Titania devoting her attention to the little Indian boy instead of Oberon. â€Å"Why should Titania cross her Oberon? Do but beg a little changeling boy to be my henchman† (II.i.119-121). This passion of revenge is full of animosity and hatred as Oberon also wants this foster child to be servant of Oberon where the boy shall be forced to fight for Oberon and train as a knight where he will receive no love or be treated any different than other slaves of Oberon. Oberon’s rag e is also an example of hypocrisy as OberonShow MoreRelatedA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1011 Words   |  4 Pages The play, A Midsummer Nights Dream, by William Shakespeare, demonstrates the difficulties of human love. Throughout the course of this play, all the lovers were confused, whether it be from the love potion provided by Oberon, the fairy king, or whether it be through natural terms, (those not affected by the potion). In this essay, we will be looking at how Lysander had agreed with this implication of human love being difficult, the scene where all the lovers are confused, and lastly, the timeRead MoreSociety in A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare1721 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare uses his word craft and characters as outlets addressing social issues, race, class, and or gender. Through his plays, he emulates the real world and is able to manipulate his worlds to allow his audience to see everything from all sides. I n A Midsummer Night’s Dream and discussed in â€Å"Jack shall have Jill;/Nought shall go ill† by Shirley Nelson Garner, in order for the world of men and patriarchal society and hierarchies to be secure and be well, the homoerotic relationships andRead MoreA Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare Essay885 Words   |  4 PagesA Misummer Night’s Dream is a comedy play written by William Shakespeare. In this play there are multiple themes however the most evident theme is love. Why is love an evident theme? It is an evident theme because the play commences with two Greek mythology characters─ the Duke of Athens, Theseus and Amazon queen Hippolita planning their marriage. However as Theseus plans his marriage he has to help Egeus persuade his daughter Hermia to marry Demetrius. Unfortunately both the Duke and Egeus failedRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay2727 Words   |  11 PagesA Midsummer Nights Dream by Willi am Shakespeare The Course Of True Love Never Did Run Smoothà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Explain how Shakespeare demonstrates this concept of love in the play. Shakespeare often used his plays to explore different feelings and emotions. He has written tragic plays, humorous plays and romances. Shakespeare often uses love as a theme within his plays, this is shown in plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Much Ado About Nothing, Twelfth NightRead MoreMechanicals in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare782 Words   |  4 PagesMechanicals in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare The mechanicals consist of Peter Quince (a carpenter), Snug (a joiner), Nick Bottom (a weaver), Francis Flute (a bellows-mender), Tom Snout (a tinker) and Robin Starveling (a tailor). We first come across the mechanicals as they stumble into the woods to rehearse their play, for the Royal Wedding of Helena and Demetrius, and, Hermia and Lysander. This is when we realise that they are not very intelligent Read MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare854 Words   |  3 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream â€Å"Lord, what fools these mortals be (Shakespeare, 1546)!† In the beginning of this play, Hermia refuses her fathers demands to marry Demetrius because she loves Lysander. Her disobedience enrages her father so he presents Theseus with his dilemma, which does not work as well as he had hoped (Gianakaris). Hermia is presented with two alternative options, but neither suits her well. She runs off into the woods with Lysander to get married and from this, a chain of events arisesRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1100 Words   |  4 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream is a Shakespeare-written play containing a five-act, play-within-a-play structure about the misunderstanding and confusion in love among other themes. Shakespeare paints Midsummer’s scenes into an imbalance of what’s real and fiction, dark or light. The play’s structure allows the audience to ask questions about the nature of Shakespeare’s society and of love itself. The tradesmen’s play-within-a-play functions as a developing comic relief between the main story line, asRead MoreA Midsummer Night’s Dream, by William Shakespeare1368 Words   |  6 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream A Midsummer Night’s Dream is an enchanting comedy that presents many dominant views widespread in the society of Shakespeare’s time. Ideas of love and romance are central to the play, and notions of gender and male-dominance prevalent at the time surface throughout the text. Modern audiences may find such notions confronting, whereas Jacobeans might find other elements of the play such as the rampant disorder, uncomfortable. Love is one of the central ideologies presentRead More A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay2133 Words   |  9 Pages A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare In the second scene that completes Act I, we are introduced to an extraordinary group of familiar but outlandish comical characters that have been enlightened with the possibility of performing a stage interlude as part of the entertainment at the quick approaching marriage of Theseus and Hippolyta. ====================================================================== The Mechanicals are not only thought of asRead MoreThe Theme of Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Theme of Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare In A Midsummer Nights Dream, Shakespeare presents us with multiple types of love by using numerous couples in various different situations. For example: Doting loves, the love induced by Oberons potion and in some aspects, Lysander and Hermias love for each other; there are true loves: Oberon and Titania, Lysander and Hermia (for the first half at least, as Lysanders love switches to Helena temporarily)

Amazon Web Services Management and Sla Provisions

Questions: 1. Discuss the requirements for remote administration, resource management and SLA management. It may be useful to consider Morad and Dalbhanjans operational checklists for DSIs OSDS. This section should be no more than two to three pages in length. 2. Discuss briefly how you will consider application resilience, backup and disaster recovery for your chosen provider in relation to OSDS. This section should be no more than two to three pages in length. Answers: Executive Summary The contents of this report are based on the assessment of the management requirements and the existing service level agreement (SLA) provisions of Amazon Web Services (AWS). AWS provides a user friendly, flexible, and cost-effective cloud computing platform. Amazon Web Services have well defined best practices policy that an organization in this case, Department of Spatial Information (DSI) will have to follow so as to benefit from the cloud computing platform. AWS recommends that for an organization to be contented with the cloud computing services offered by different vendors, it is necessary that they consider carrying out an operational assessment before the launch of its application in this case, Online Spatial Delivery Services (OSDS) to the cloud computing platform. This can effectively be done using different operations checklists. The general operational checklists provided by Amazon Web Services include; the basic operations checklist that will enable DSI to evaluate the s pecific services and features of OSDS application before launching it on the cloud computing platform. The other operational checklist is the enterprise operations checklist which will help the DSI to establish an effective cloud migration and operation strategy before moving its application to the Amazon Web Services cloud computing platform. In general this report has outlined various AWS cloud computing requirements that DSI will have to consider before moving its OSDS to the platform. The assessment of these requirements will cover remote administration, application resilience, and resource management among other requirements. The report has also outlined a summary of the benefits and risks associated with the use of a cloud computing platform. Remote Administration This refers to the process of managing and controlling a computer from a distant (remote) location. The need to have more systems that are remotely controlled has been on the rise and this has led to an increase in the development of software that can be used to a system from a distance. To achieve this, an organization should consider having an effective network access strategy. Network access Computer systems hosting the Online Service Delivery System need to be connected via the internet so that they can be remotely managed and controlled. This will involve enabling the application on the client system and the IP address assigned to the host or the serve should be known. Based on Morad and Dalbhanjans operational checklist, DSI will have to ensure that there is connectivity from the organizations environment to Amazon Web Services. Therefore, an organization should ensure that it has the required hardware and software before moving to a cloud computing platform. AWS provides a variety of connectivity options that an organization can choose from. For instance, AWS recommends the use of two connectivity options that is, high availability option and fault tolerance. This ensures that the Online Service Delivery System is always running regardless of a fault occurring. In this case, therefore, for effective remote administration the DSI network access strategy should consider the following AWS requirements; It should incorporate the use of Amazon EC2 classic and Amazon Virtual Private (VPC) environments Have network connectivity and controls between DSI and AWS network It should make use of OS access controls such as Amazon EC2 security group rules, VPC network access control lists, and monitoring software configuration among others. Resource Management This is the effective utilization of an organizations available resources so that the stated objectives can be achieved. In this case, DSI should have an effective resource management strategy for the assets used in deploying OSDS on a AWS cloud computing platform. The strategy should be based on the Morad and Dalbhanjans asset management operational checklist. Asset Management This operational checklist requires an organization to have an effective mechanism of tracking and managing the resources deployed on AWS. This will consider the following; Determining whether DSIs OSDS internal asset management system will be integrated with AWS. Incorporation of the AWS existing asset management capabilities. SLA Management Service Level Agreement (SLA) outlines the terms of contract between a service provider such as AWS and a client in this case DSI (Fankhauser Schweikert, 2000, p.345). It is necessary to develop an SLA to be able to evaluate the performance and quality of services provided by a vendor. The performance of a cloud computing vendor may be measured in terms of; how available is the system, and the response time of the system (Wieder, Butler, Theilmann, Yahyapour, 2011, p.809). DSI should consider the provisions outlined in the Amazon Web service SLA before using its cloud computing platform. Application Resilience This is defined as the ability of an application to handle a failure in one of its existing components so that service provision is not impaired. This means that the application will still be running in the event of a failure occurring. It is therefore necessary for DSI to consider checking whether the Online Service Delivery is resilient enough before deploying it on the cloud computing platform. There are a lot of considerations for high availability (HA). This is done through the provision of different infrastructure building blocks that an organization such as DSI can consider implementing in its OSDS application. To achieve high availability, DSI application resilience strategy should include; the use of various availability zones within a given location, implementation of instance redundancy, and monitoring and recovery among other considerations. OSDS should have a mechanism of identifying and evaluating existing points of failure within a system so as that the systems availab ility is not impaired. The high availability strategy should not only define how a system will be recovered in case of failure but it should also outline the kind of testing to be conducted. Some of the Amazon Web Services considerations for high availability include; Execution of multiple Amazon EC2 instances in multiple availability zones Reservation of high availability capacity through the use of Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances. Backup and Disaster Recovery Backup refers to the process of safely keeping a copy of the files or databases so that no data is lost in case of system failure. This is usually done on a routine basis and as such DSI should consider having an effective backup system for the Online Service Delivery System before its launch on the cloud computing platform. On the other hand, disaster recovery describes the available security measures adopted by an organization to protect it from any negative effect (Velte, Velte Elsenpeter, 2009, p.781). Negative effect includes operations that endanger the activities of an organization such as cyber attacks, or system failure. Hence, DSI should develop a disaster recovery plan that will minimize the disruption of service once the OSDS application is launched on the cloud computing platform. In this case, the disaster recovery strategy should be based on the point of recovery and the time of recovery need to be outlined. Restrictions based on the distance between the main site and recovery site need to be well outlined in the recovery strategy. The disaster recovery strategy should not only outline how the system will be recovered but should also outline the testing procedures to be conducted so that the system is restored back to its initial state of operation. According to AWS operational checklist, a well-developed disaster recovery strategy will include; regional redundancy, and region-to-region recovery among other aspects. To use the AWS cloud computing platform, DSI should considered the following Amazon Web Services and techniques while developing the OSDS disaster recovery strategy; The OSDS application should be able to store data, and be able to execute additional instances in multiple AWS regions. The disaster recovery site should be reserved in a different location through the Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances The OSDS application should consider the use of Amazon Glacier to archive data OSDS should be able to take Amazon EBS snapshots to enable a quick recovery process in case of data loss. Earls SLA guidelines and AWS SLA Based on Earls SLA guidelines, an effective Service Level Agreement should include the following items (Grzech, Rygielski, Ã…Å ¡wiƦtek, 2010, p.623); The SLA should outline the availability of the cloud computing service. The cloud service provider should outline the quality of the services offered. The cloud provider should also state the available security levels that a client will benefit from The cloud service provider should also outline how they plan to store the clients data in the cloud. Using the above guidelines, Amazon Web Services has developed an effective SLA to ensure that its client benefit from its cloud services. The Amazon Web Service SLA provides the following; Amazon EC2 SLA This governs various policies that are used for billing and account governance. The policy is also used to determine the network access strategy for an organization (Murty, 2008, p.203) Amazon S3 SLA This is used to describe the policy used in Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) based on the terms outlined in AWS Customer Agreement. This outlines the data protection mechanism. Amazon CloudFront SLA This describes the policy that governs the use of Amazon CloudFront as outlined in the AWS Customer Agreement (Robinson, 2008, p.456). The policy is used to determine how the contents will be distributed. Amazon Route 53 SLA The policy is used to govern the path to be used while exchange data over a network. It can also be used in outlining the data recovery strategy for a given organization. Amazon RDS SLA The policy is used to govern the issues involving storage of data. In addition, the policy is also used to determine the data access strategy. In general, Amazon Web Services has clearly outlined the above SLA policies that an organization should consider before using their cloud services.. It is therefore, important for DSI to consider all these policies before launching its OSDS on the AWS cloud computing platform. Summary Amazon Web Service is a well established cloud service provider that offers a lot of benefits to its clients. In this case, if DSI decides to use AWS cloud computing platform to launch its OSDS application, it will have access to a wide range of opportunities such as security and data access, asset management, high availability, and data recovery strategies. Using cloud computing platform will reduce the organizations operation cost (Catteddu, 2010, p.10). However, the use of cloud services is associated with various risks such as data unavailability in case of system failure, loss of confidential data where the security is breached, and the business may be impaired where the vendor lacks reliable recovery plan. References Antonopoulos, N., Gillam, L. (Eds.). (2010). Cloud computing: Principles, systems and applications. Springer Science Business Media. Armbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, A. D., Katz, R., Konwinski, A., ... Zaharia, M. (2010). A view of cloud computing. Communications of the ACM, 53(4), 50-58. Buyya, R., Broberg, J., Goscinski, A. M. (Eds.). (2010). Cloud computing: principles and paradigms (Vol. 87). John Wiley Sons. Catteddu, D. (2010). Cloud Computing: benefits, risks and recommendations for information security. In Web Application Security (pp. 17-17). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Furht, B., Escalante, A. (2010). Handbook of cloud computing (Vol. 3). New York: Springer. Fankhauser, G., Schweikert, D. (2000). Service level agreement trading for the differentiated services architectures. Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory (TIK), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zrich (ETH). Grzech, A., Rygielski, P., Ã…Å ¡wiƦtek, P. (2010). Translations of service level agreement in systems based on service-oriented architectures. Cybernetics and Systems: An International Journal, 41(8), 610-627. Krutz, R. L., Vines, R. D. (2010). Cloud security: A comprehensive guide to secure cloud computing. Wiley Publishing. Murty, J. (2008). Programming amazon web services: S3, EC2, SQS, FPS, and SimpleDB. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Robinson, D. (2008). Amazon Web Services Made Simple: Learn how Amazon EC2, S3, SimpleDB and SQS Web Services enables you to reach business goals faster. Emereo Pty Ltd. Wieder, P., Butler, J. M., Theilmann, W., Yahyapour, R. (Eds.). (2011). Service level agreements for cloud computing. Springer Science Business Media. Velte, T., Velte, A., Elsenpeter, R. (2009). Cloud computing, a practical approach. McGraw-Hill, Inc..